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The projected mean annual global surface temperature is set to rise by the end of the century (2071-2100 compared with 1971-2000) by 1.0 to 4.5°C according to RCP 4.5, or by 2.5 to 5.5°C according to RCP 8.5, i.e. by more than the expected global average.
Peak warming is expected in north-Eastern Europe and Scandinavia in winter, and in Southern Europe in summer.